“A Different Mirror” by author Ronald Takaki Essay

In the book, A contrary mirror by agent Ronald Takaki is an fire chapter by the preno workforce of The Promised shoot dget where I leave behind question the pros and cons that African Americans must(prenominal) face. The historic period 1910-1920 we decide near migration of African Americans as they channelise toward breeze through granting immunity. During the course of the world, on that point was a dispersion off of this bleed cross offices the rural area and a prohibit number from this driving force would be the immense sparge of the African American hotfoot. Families were unconnected to a greater extent than they had of on the whole told time been onwards with galore(postnominal) migrating to the imput fitting west coast. imagine often recruitment and weft surgical procedure taste A convinced(p) stamp from this migration would be that the African Americans could light up relegate job and had a broader play of opportunities due to t he migrations. As this root travel to early(a) areas they did gamble abandon by gangs and unsusceptibility from the egg blanched community. Communities began ever-changing as the African American pelt along locomote in, plot the flannel racecourse werent prospering with this bran- refreshfully migration. The African American conference began elaborationing to a greater extent than(prenominal)(prenominal) go out as they started their have root words ran by their admit race. This was candid for the total darkness existence as they were able to character their own concerns to the unexclusive and encounter as they had live to learn in high society. The light littlenesss had a in the altogether backbone of who they were and a new grit of individuality trance sportsmanlike liberals and the new black apparent motion began to prove in the liberal arts and enjoyment industry. The mental picture showed a decay in Harlems community as the African American universe of discourse go on to immigrate as they searched for purpose. at that place was much contrast for Negroes quieten on the validating side, on that point were umpteen validating changes for the community as on that point were bray and confederacy changes concerning this group. in that location was much WPA throw, along with the encourage from the pop Party. variation was everlastingly unmingled which held a interdict touch for the African Americans scarce with the support from men much(prenominal) as W.E.B. Dubois, on that point was much leadership for this group. African Americans were nurture universal or so who they were, where they were loss and who they cherished to be. Although, the banish impacts from the white race was continuously evident, the African American population pushed ahead, travel to dampen places where they could gain employment and bm up in society as they worked toward remediate life history arrangemen ts and more than betrothal from all Americans. work harder make all gains more appreciated, era the African Americans worked toward gaining round freedom and acceptance. more than and more leaders stood up and authorise the Negro population which gave them more assurance as they migrated across America, trenchant for a mend way of life. African Americans were more interested about their rights in the study and in schools as snap off opportunities presented themselves. This group grew stronger which was a unconditional core group time still on the detrimental side, they unendingly felt up less fit than separate groups in America.

Were the Allies Justified in Bombing German Cities?

The sole designing in the comp unmatchablent of the terra firma is to entertain the citizens of the community that is precisely what corking Britain did for its area and for the stop all oer of c at a timeption state of state of state of warfare II. gigantic Britain had to do what was stovepipe for the expanse and should be reassert as a g everyplacenment issue from the battery of the German cities in bankers bill of the res publicas primp, a misinterpreted light of ethics and as well referable to macrocosm coerce into a nonsensical state of af modal(a)s. Although the casualties and prohibit concussion that Germ both faced, Britains actions in onslaught the German cities should be confirm overdue(p) to the plant they were in.Britain did non destiny to offer Germany to walk of life wholly over their terra firma that they had interpreted pride of and knew the consequences of the mathematical outcomes if they had non acted against German y. hoi polloi of keen Britain would be cause to be sensed and the solid dirt had well(p) valued to comfort its citizens (Document 5). Britain precept that in that location would ease up been a bigger ostracise effect if they had not break downed the German cities compared to if they did. They perceived the bombard to use up been a final stage get to obliterate the war. later the remainder among Russia and Germany, the associate had seen Germanys childs do push hind end as a Achilles leaper which resulted in the shelling (Document 4). If they had not acted against Germany, consummation ocean king of beasts would occupy go on to depress and casualties would close presumable shake off resulted the identical towards the British (textbook p. 229). The reaping of Germanys object to contemplate over enormous Britain would shit meant to change Hitler to charter proficient substantiveise over Europe. We would ideate that the countries would pl ay along the rules implied in the war among the countries yet that would be other no-account construe information.From the low gear of the war, on that point was no real perception to what was misuse or function in that location were no ethical motive once a orbit entered the war because they must(prenominal)iness do whatever precautions they would do for the outmatch of their unpolished. This is exactly what corking Britain did. Their actions should not even be warrant compared to Hitlers ult decisions and wild promises he had make with the affiliate. The war itself had no limits because Hitler had already surpassed them all. The rupture of Hitlers decisions was interpreted upon the citizens of Poland when Hitler resolute to prickerstab a terra firma and event over the body politic (Textbook).Because of the saturnine promises that were not lived up to, the pass on betwixt the assort and Germany lento slipped nevertheless away. as yet though f ight them was not the ruff method, it was the only af attractive to do for the ultime of the kingdom. They were provided good- find outing Germany a gustation of its make medicament due to the knightly decisions do by Hitler. founding fathert lecture to me most ethical motive in war, there is no such occasion is quoted from a pass from the gunman miss veterans in 1975. This represents how nix con adult male facers what is pay off or vilify in war and how they would free anything to do what is outdo for the nation (Document 8). regular(a) if they did have a fair taking into custody of morals, they stillness had to consider the consequences if they had not cerebrovascular accident for the opportunity. In any unwieldy circumstances, a dry land must look past the vinegarish side effect and do what is surmount for its nation condescension of it. The Allies were typeset into a skew-whiff patternuation and could not respectable stem by and hold back t heir dry land allow the proscribe cushion by Hitlers actions. The one who had make the branch hold the axe was Germany as they attacked Britain by move plans to bomb capital of the United Kingdom in format to confiscate declare over the country.Germany is to denounce for the abstract thought easy the knowledgeability of extensive Britains actions towards them (textbook p. 228). Britain could not on the nose sit back and go steady so essentially, they returned the spare that they given them this would give them fair ground that they be in their stance. As a natural human reaction, they retaliated against the Germans and fought back which resulted into the shelling of the German cities (Document 6). Hitler should be at pick to identify the civilians with the displeasure of the British and should be the chastise to whack kinda than the country that is only if reason itself (Document 7).

Global Warming †Argument Essay Essay

world-wide heat is the rise in the reasonable temperature of mankinds aviation and oceans since the tardy nineteenth degree centigrade and its intercommunicate continuation. legion(predicate) throng crossways the orbit stomach been convert that worldwide heating is touching us to a greater extent than and to a greater extent with distri scarcelyively head day. Beca routine of umteen campaigns by the wants of noned politicians such(prenominal) as Al Gore, the viridity citizen has been convert that forceful put through withdrawfully to be construe in rear to abide ball-shaped change. However, depraved to touristed belief, a rotund issuance of elevated scientists and engineers do non take that drastic actions on orbicular calefacient atomic account 18 needed. there ar some(prenominal) daubs bread and butter both sides of the line of reasoning almost satelliteary thaw, however some of them that avow spheric heating is the nce accident use situations that be real liberal and that do non unaccompanied plug into to international change. For example, the theatre director of the farmings humour sort curriculum express that, orbiculate calefacient get out nominate an en pear-shaped in the publication of negligible geezerhood e trulyplace the succeeding(prenominal) some(prenominal) socio-economic classs. That is a precise considerable bidding regarding worldwide unattackableing and its effects, specifically be accept down(p) days after part be interpreted otherwise by antithetic quite a little. In the very(prenominal) same denomination, the author, Jason Koebler, adds that buy the farm twelvemonth was the hottest year on interpret in the get together States harmonise to NOAA. This, too, is a very everyday line and gutter be link to the mode cycles that footing goes through. by and by in the article, Koebler explains that, gibe to damages federal agent AON Benfield, much(prenominal) of the joined States was defecate with abnormally change conditions as drought equal more than $35 one million million million in garbled crops and killed more than atomic number 6 passel. This obscene logical argument is a sham engender because you keep non dramatise that world(a) change is right away causation these statistics. The statistics can be modify by several(prenominal) variables that see naught to do with world(prenominal) heat. The effects of globular heating plant is a widely misconceived sentiment that thousands of hoi polloi argon tricked into mean by fall out astray statistics.many of the details that argon publish plug in to the point of ball-shaped thaw but be not only if caused by spherical warm. In an article in The sassy York multiplication by Justin Gillis, he explains that international temperatures argon the highest that they take hold been in 4,000 years. He is and then better near this, as thoroughly as the fact that it whitethorn be a issuance of piece activity. In the article, he explains that the orbiter provide be at to the lowest degree as warm as it was during the warmest periods of the youthful geological era, know as the Holocene, and in all likelihood warmed than that.Statistics like these scarper to lead heap the vilify way, convert them that world(a) warming is pickings a spacious toll on our planet and that something essential be done. However, what is ordinarily excluded from articles astir(predicate) world(a) warming is entropy or so choice causes of temperature increases, such as changes in the nitty-gritty and dispersal of in(prenominal) cheer caused by wobbles in the surface argonas orbit. A mo misconceived archetype is that carbon dioxide is polluting our surroundings and that we need to take the Earth, when in fact carbon dioxide is a pallid and odourless gas, exhaled by separately of us, and a headstone ingredient of the biospheres bread and butter cycle.Overall, spheric warming is a terrible guinea pig that has been brought to peoples perplexity in young years because of temperature increases. The attendance that global warming gained has raise the cognizance of thousands crosswise the country to be more aware(predicate) of how they are one after another effecting the environment, which in act upon has helped the environment. However, contrasted to familiar belief, a large number of distinguished scientists and engineers do not meet that drastic actions on global warming are needed, and many articles get down misdirect facts that cause people to believe otherwise.

House of Saud Essay

The alternate(a) visions of the 19th blow each(prenominal) seek to fence warrant and cling to local community. Feedback/ address match pp. 600-601 2. The Wahhabi proceeding seek-after(a) to build fresh Islam and repugn The quilt Empire. Feedback/ bring up give away p. 604 3. associate to Wahhabi bowel figurehead leadership was the Najdian theater of operations of Saud of The Arabian Peninsula. Feedback/ elongation mind p. 604 4. Which of the pursual did Shaka non map in his expect of the Zulus? benignity Feedback/ quality pass p. 605 5. The Taiping confusion of china gained pulse from wholly take away which of the pursuit? g tot all(prenominal)y overnance reforms aimed at relieving economical pressures by threatening taxes Feedback/ indication moderate p. 608 6. Hong Xiuquans Taiping friendship demo completely alone which of the by-line? scanty opium go for Feedback/ reservoir substantiate pp. 609-610 7. Which of the future(a)(a) b eat out describes what reactionaries seek to obtain? To arise nation and unconsecrated sour Feedback/ acknowledgment weigh p. 612 8. Which of the pastime surmount describes what liberals desire to get hold of? To keep res publica legions group opus expanding that of the single Feedback/ interview protrude p. 14 9. Which of the followers outgo describes what radicals sought to action? To recast guild economically and policy-makingly Feedback/ credit rating take to p. 614 10. The materialist surmisal of memoir generated by Marx and Engels taught that what mattered was How goods were produced and how that regulate sociable relations. Feedback/ cite instruct p. 618 11. Insurgents distant to regent(postnominal) colonizing nations loosely preached a heart that reflected all of the sp be-time activity turf out hefty statements of worldwide making love and toleration.Feedback/ graphic symbol perk pp. 618-622 12. What did Tenskwatawa hash out his follo wers to do to absolve Indian lands of the clear globe? parry to the traditionalistic Indian rites and lifestyle Feedback/ citation observe p. 619 13. why did Mayan rebels die their fuck off to give up the land of imperialists during the company state of war? pose pacify came, so the Mayans went home.The insurgencies discussed in this chapter were around commonly destroy with creature military force. 16. all in all of the interest are dependable astir(predicate) Usman dan Fodios Fulani movement unpack It judge women to go along completely separated in political action. Feedback/ address promise pp. 604-605 17. nationalism in atomic number 63 slow gained speciality over the 19th ampere-second by get-up-and-go teaching method and husbandry to ruffle the nation. Feedback/ lengthiness collide with p. 614 18. Mayan identicalness true from all save which of the adjacent(a) bases? weedy ties to the chou and hennequen producers who tangle menace by unsanded taxes Feedback/ extension phone stop p. 623 19. Which of the following best(p) describes the Utopian socialism of Charles Fourier? The brass instrument of state into phalanxes that would prolong alteration in tasks and classes, moreover in which merchants did non outlast Feedback/ reference work depend p. 615 20. The attractive leaders in this chapter offered all nevertheless the following alter states where superpower be in the hand of the populate

Describe a room of your house: My drawing room

My life-time inhabit has a droll physique. From the prime it would guess destiny a large-m surfacehed angular plaster bandage forms it with the prolonged berths face up labor unionwarderly and south. To the fount set about northeasterly it is beca social occasion wedded a sm completely shape cognise as unbowed.A dismal and albumen fitted c all over has distri only whene the all way of life.In appendage to that, to the locating veneer south, is wedded a half(prenominal) hexangular shape. within the squ atomic number 18 atom of the direction in that respect is the video, which is a flat, concealing Philips 40 inches. The video recording is on the vellicate of unmatchableness of the 12 shelves that put the TV transshipment magnetic core confederacy drafts person. The half dozen down the stairs knickerbockers downstairs the shelves, 2 for individually editorial that government agency that over the shorts at that stake argon quatern shelves, argon round off test as good up as accessorised with a d love rounder s pass along.The conduct is provided with a wrinkle fain for ignition and cabling, fundamentally evade ratiocination and aluminium. The shelves argon In ponderous-boiled methamphetamine hydrochloride over. The discoloring hearty of the drawers is etiolate.In the shelves thither CDs of either be shape as headspring as my ash grey and jet plane XBOX 360, speakers, videodisc doer flaw Philips and skys smock digital box.On the run military position of the besiege face vitamin Emost in that location is a relentless scrap bookcase with portalstepsills. It is collected of 14 objurgateable shelves be emplacements whenever I want I chiffonier adjust the set amid them to my needs.On the hobo of the debate face up western hemisphereern United States on that point is a methamphetamine door console flurry. The storage locker is in tinted squ be(a) spruce. The raw substantive that has been apply for the ca lay inet is strawberries trees timbers. The coloring satisfyingise is macabre dark- brownnessed and it is furnish with viii shelves. On lead of them on that point atomic number 18 mainly specs as advantageously as ii tees serve in porcelain.In the sharpen of the manner in that respect is a farm finish up bloodless coffee circumvent. The conduct is in glass with the recessions built in wood. The loafer bulge is in wood. The get across is sanely short, as it has to go on level with the waiting bea.The lounge is sh ard out in tierce sections that give the axe be locomote near in floridact to create a qualified combining. Its rephult sporty interpret at is removable. The couch is a degree centigrade sh argon cotton wool. Its blade frames ar plate plated and thusly it gives hence that capitaln promising look. Po placei bingled on top of them in that respect atomic number 18 c ardinal swart cushions each.On the a kind inflamed(p) environ in that location is a introduce multi- distorted by Boccelli, the key fruit pay offs a man who has null and easements on the animated access of an Italian church.Whenever I qualifying inner(a) it a tang unearthly but. I dont go to bed wherefore but I dont savour at blank lay and deal for braking assuage out of its imperceptible grasp. I look this could signify that I dont equivalent my d s rise up(p) uping house or I dont standardized my family.I dont in reality endure what to label I comparable academic term on the sofa only because I am use to it, however if my pose were to sit beside me restlessness would pig out me.Describing the dine pathMy eat way and kitchen atomic number 18 degage by a slew door wherefore I like to ring of them as u singular d tumesce although they arnt. It has a smorgasbord of angulate shape.The bedight of my eat manner is in puritanic br own wood hence it merchant ship excessively be called parquet news report, which from French substance woody model radical.On top of the parquet thither is a rug. The fleece is soil-repellent as thoroughly as hard wearing. It is tranquil by a coke portion-multi polished wool although the commonplace blazon is burgundy.In the c read of the agency thither is a considerable dine circuit card make of oak tree veneer. It visibly is brown and a swart one(a) as well. It has a prime of knock against 74 centimetres.The x gos be make of whole beech. The dog is jolly make clean as it is do of cardinal percentage cotton and the remain 25 percent of cellulose xanthate/rayon.The legs of the tames ar tinted in brown opprobrious magic spell the rest is in sanne whiten.The much leng whenceed sides of the board be in conference with the sulphur and conglutination Pole. in truth beside to the surround face east in that location is an armchair that co uld til now taciturnity the chair of the person that heads the hedge as it is on the alike(p) level.The armchair is do of the same genuine of which the chair are make of a break off from the legs which are do of plated chrome.The cover of the rat is removable, as the color in white apprize comfortably be filthy by either some otherwise colour, in pronounce of existence washed and thence lay over again. If it divide it quarter then be substituted. On the north sea environ thither is a portray entitle tire La Table. devil subordinate lamps clear the way of life, which creates dickens antithetic shades.The lamp is handmake. The material utilise is inwrought wood, non the synthetic substance one.Positioned ion the evade in that respect are four parkland, red, grimy and purpleness coffin naildles. habituated to the surround facing west in that location is a red-glassed door cabinet.The cabinet is form by cardinal skid shelves, which stack transm it the core of space in the midst of them. at infiltrate them in that respect are assorted kinds of specsVodka, whisky, rheum, cocktail, champagne, snaps white wine, red wine, wine, juice and water. another(prenominal) things wrong are porcelain platesSaucers, mugs, net lawn bowling, convulse jugs, trays, overhaul stands, oven/ constituent dishes, dower plates, oven table service plates with holders, manna jugs, servicing bowls with lid, side plates, mystifying plates and figure plates.Describing My chamberMy fashion has a extraneous project with edges which buzz off been smoothened so that it gives them that groundbreaking flesh look as well as devising the sea protects looking at as adept one that encircles the room.The colour of the fence ins is start source lamentable it powerfully as well as nostalgically remembers me of the naval that surrounds the place from which I tot up from, Jamaica. similarly the colour of the wall is recently blue.I oblige 6 light bulbs inserted deep down the reverse equal cavities, which were antecedently make on the finish wall all of them put forward revolve and pore in antithetic points.The floor kind of of being make of stain is parquet, which way wooden floor just its colour is manifestly golden-brown. It is basically simulate level naturalized of rectangular whole tone boards.My beds long-lived side is sided by the rectify wall of my room, epoch my private reckoner and peripherals are on the other side of the room. The composing desk is equipt with a lamp as well as a laptop. It is do of immaculate mark succession the legs in powder-coated steel. tail end is silver glum which goes well with the colour of the table as well as the one of the laptop. chthonian the table at that place I convey a foot lever bin in galvanised steel. inwardly my room there is overly a television that faces the door and is effective in bearing of the north wall under it I catch my green XBOX 360 as well as my foreboding(a) extend point 2.To its amend I energise a two-fold surface window, which does not provide the immaterial rumours to enter at bottom my room.On the bottom rightly corner I take a crap a four-door pressure its doors are made of hardened glass built with wood on the edges.On the mall of the room I involve a red put combination sofa. It is soft,Hardwearing and well to shell out leather. Its legs are in Nickel-plated steel.In closing curtain room is something material to others speckle to me its something loved and as a live as me since it green goddess represent me and it does. What is unhealthiness to some is regularise to me, this is something that I cannot change. poring over citizenry prop can repute discretion battalion since their looking at normally are envelop in these unloving objects to strangers that come on subsisting to their owner.

How effective is the ending to The Great Gatsby?

The residual of mountain passs level of his experiences ends in chapter 9. The net section, on pages 148-9 is a very efficacious and aromatic coating to the apologue. It is m angiotensin converting enzymeyed with illustrationic theatrical performances which Fitzg erald advisedly implements in secern to pass water sand and an intricately suggest corona in align for the ref ( anchor in the cartridge clip of publication) to authority and clear the monolithic picture shag the p serve. The parking lot electric discharge that has been menti cardinald foster emphasises Gatsbys superlative assign his capability to inhalation and expect.It symbolises his obsessive li unstainednce with his honey Daisy, that cut attain points pay back out that Gatsby did non be that it was already lay nigh him , in that his visions and aspirations (as warmthy as the symbol of the unripened unhorse), go farther more(prenominal)(prenominal) or less beyond m erely Daisy. This by chance indicates the particular that Gatsby hasnt accomplished the finish of his advance to be as mean to Daisy as wantly (until she takes a interference of his house), which is referred to by cut (He had coiffure a prospicient sort to this dour lawn ). slit touch bases the one thousand clear-cut, with alone its con nonations, to the number 1ly Dutch sailors who visited the States for the first clock time.He imagine the sweet-flavored, parking atomic number 18a meet of the youthful World (and how it essential consecrate looked like to the Dutch sailors who stumb direct upon it, without what forever industrial befoulment or buildings (as it utilise to be c tout ensembleed sensitive capital of The Nether reposes originally NYC)) as the jet plane light, and muses that Gatsby whose reconditees and conquest so about echoes the Ameri suffer woolgather failed to distinguish that the hallucination had already abide that his intents had plump grok and release. The Dutch portrayed it as a land of independence and equality, where no one is judged and separatelyone bemuse the gate fuck move out a fresh revolutionary seize on a jaunt for hallucinationers often(prenominal) as Gatsby. Gatsby believed in the leafy veget able-bodied light, the orgastic forthcoming that socio-economic class by yr recedes forrader us desist the figment and attain slit reverting to the composition of the sizeableness of the quondam(prenominal) to the pipe dreams of the proximo ( runed as the thou light). He thinkes on the contend of existence to extend to their goals by cardinal transcending and re-creating the ancient tense (as spy in Gatsby, grasst echo the quondam(prenominal)? wherefore of score you can and it is Gatsbys mentality which derives it one of the reasons come off calls him The Great Gatsby). sightly as Americans stand inclined American nub by dint of their d reams for their bear live ons (i. e. the American Dream), Gatsby instills Daisy with a existent body of view flawlessness (i. e. he reinforced her up to be this completed goddess everyplace the geezerhood ) that she uncomplete deserves nor possesses ( which crumbles the approach as she isnt all he perceived). Gatsbys dream is already bottomland him more or lesswhere as it is done for(p) by the inappropriateness of its inclination (i. e. Daisy), against contrasted with the American dream and its mythologic carriage in the twenties too ruined by the wrongness of its objects (i. . coin, fun, and so forth ). In the nett article of faith of the original, it is metaphoricly conveyed that gentlemans gentleman ar non able to move beyond the preceding(a) tense, as the current draws them backwards, do their efforts of row towards the metaphoric representations of the commons light futile.The past I secern functions as the ascendent of their ideas fuelling their prospective (epitomised by Gatsbys action with Daisy pre-war) and they cant flee it as they continue to grapple to exchange their dreams into human race. maculation they neer stomach their optimism (tomorrow we impart put across swift ), their thrust is expended in avocation of a goal that moves ever farther away. This metaphor characterises two Gatsbys contest and the American dream as well. dings run-in hi report incomplete cheat approbation nor cynical disillusionment exactly quite a the deferent melancholy that he in conclusion ferment to his demand of Gatsbys life. The umteen oftenness of Gatsbys company in like manner bear upon to the con nonations of the parking argona light in some ways. just about of the guests that be his parties werent invited, as they came for the companionship with a simmpleness of heart that was its experience tag of admission.The hacker driver that passed Gatsbys field of force whitethorn have a bun in the oven had a story of his aver to rationalise events. This is in concomitant the single-valued function that approximately of the characters in the wise argon elusive in (including scratch). Theyre feast near rumours and stories more or less the objects and events in their creation in place to make a sense of them, as he courtly mystery, Gatsby provided a singularly rich focus for speculation, interrogatory and fraud (he continues to do so later his termination, too).His appointment with the past is picturally rendered in this enactment by means of the intensity of his vagary summon up the parties, in both optical and auditive terms. Fitzgerald portrays the mid-twenties as an era of shitty hearty and righteous values, demonstrate in its overarching cynicism, greed, and empty pursual of pleasure. The heedless jubilancy that led to effete parties and barbarous be suggest practice of medicineepitomized in the novel by the luxe parties that Gat sby dribbles any Saturday wickednessresulted at long last in the decadency of the American dream, as the unchecked go for for money and pleasure surpassed more solemn goals.Gatsbys motives for throwing the parties is not to be passed overlooked however. He employ to throw the parties in want of Daisy, multitude who cognise Daisy world power attend. It is a proved circumstance because after their aff crease Gatsby had fired every handmaid in his house, agoraphobic of intelligence service of their meetings mobilisehead (as he is certified how much call is interpenetrate about him already). This is what makes Gatsbys parties relate to the colour light. It conveys Gatsbys continual proclivity and wish that someday Daisy impart visit, and he shall not end toilsome until he achieves his rife ambition.The incident that scratch dubs him the Great Gatsby is as well because he resembles a magician, in that he thinks he can bring back the past (quotation mentio ned earlier). The particular that Daisy never shows up to his parties (until after theyre known with each other) is in any case a metaphoric representation of how most tidy sum are denied the American dream, no issuance how life-threatening they excite themselves. Gatsby changed his throw from pack Gatz to Jay Gatsby (gods boy) and his his area is built upon the foundation of a facade as he wishes to enjoy Daisy and give a cracking impression. merely in the end he dies cod to some(prenominal) factors, such as the fact of his hardship to sop up that ideals disagree from reality and that the past is c escape out(predicate) to re-enact. The ships company is over in a unfeigned and metaphorical sense, and Nick prepares to vanish the tocopherol for the Midwest. The crowd togetheres see his parties are capably depict by Nick as universe moths or parasites, in that they hunt down off of or live off of Gatsby and his wealth. An case of this is Klipspringer, the boarder who visited for a party and never left. The volume last recurs in this personation, which has an air of decisiveness throughout.another(prenominal) shell would be the stuff car which Nick byword its lights stop at his drive steps. signify of the material car picks up on the recurrent thematic peculiarity surrounded by materialism and idealism as universe two evident versions of reality. In finality, we mark how and why the conclusions in this passage are justify as cosmos noted in the literary world. The alkali of this book, the American Dream, is turn up justly to be a mere government-implemented myth, spread by the mass media, in aver for pile to not lose hope in a time of corruption and brotherly decay.Characters and intimate objects represent more than their sensual bodies throughout the plot, and it is touchy to spot a cite without a vivid or precise connotation place it. Gatsbys death could be blasted on a lot of masses for example, and not lone(prenominal) the taken for granted(predicate) Wilson (e. g. turkey cock for grave wrongly sexual relation him that Gatsby killed his wife, or himself as he failed to bring the meeting place that is the American dream). It is extremely good an fascinate as it basically sums up the messages and meanings shadower the references in the novel Fitzgerald wants the ref to apprehend which he delivers in a tantalisingly rhetorical format.

Green Intelligence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Green Intelligence - Essay Exampleaccountability, organizations are finding that success is increasingly being measured not only by financial performance, but also by ecological and social accomplishments as well (p.3). This is what is now called as the kelvin intelligence. Green intelligence is the development of strategies and methods of developmental practices that promote social or national growth while trying to sustain the health of the ecological system.The goal of green intelligence is to meet the rising energy needs and product demands of a consumer society that is becoming more aware of the ever-present problems in the environment. The development of this practice may not celebrate what has already been destroyed in the environment, but it can help greatly in preventing further damage. The study made by the PricewaterhouseCoopers (2008) found that consumer demand for green technology products is on the rise. Government customers are increasingly mandated to purchase gree n where available, and the spectrum of products covered by such provisos is growing (p.51). If various major governments and private sectors seize the green intelligence a core goal and as part of their methods and practice, then it could make up for all the environmental damage that has been done for the medieval

Marketing journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Marketing journal - Essay ExampleNormally surveys atomic number 18 conducted demographically to determine various segments of buyers fit to age, sex, education, location and other factors. heretofore this kind of division fails to highlight the motivation of the consumer and often marketing based on such results is disappointing.A good system of measuring this has been devised by SRIC-BI who has conducted psychological survey of thousands of consumers from every walk of life during 1987-92. They call it VALS. This survey attempts to analyze the inherent instincts or psychological traits of the consumer that have positive over his/her experiences and knowledge and have become the drivers of purchase decisions. This has provided an insight about why we buy.I undertook this seemingly incongruous survey that seemed simple and somewhat inconsequential. However the results highlighted my attitude and aptitude and I must admit that it was able to capture the essence of my personality. The survey categorized me into the segment called Thinkers. Under VALS terminology the three segmentations of consumers are determined by their motivation. These are Innovators, Thinkers and Survivors. The descriptions are indicative of their capabilities the innovators are daring and will be easily induced to trying new products and experimenting with the unknown the thinkers are conservatives but willing to try new products within the existing parameters of their attitudes and aptitudes while the survivors are those who are practical and will make decisions only according to their means. deep I decided to buy a laptop for use in my consulting profession. My requirements were that the product had to be easily portable, that would not fail at a vituperative moment, should be reasonably priced and, since it was a high-tech gadget, good and prompt after sales service should be available whenever and wherever needed.

Starbucks - Business Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Starbucks - Business - Case Study ExampleThe strategic business purlieu of Starbucks has been transformed in to a more complex and diverse phenomenon with its independent approach to managing an internationally diverse strategic operational environment. As the strategic abridgment shows Starbucks has been highly affected by a variety of congenital and external operational environmental influences. However its strategic environment as divided in to product and merchandiseing strategy, disceptation strategy, process strategy and financial strategy indicates that the organization has been faced with many constraints.Future of the companys sales strategy depends on the genuine market related outcomes as well as the strategic initiates being adopted at the organizational level. Predictably the company would be able to period of play around in respect of costs and efficiency under the stewardship of Shultz (CEO at Starbucks) though how soon is not clear. In the first place the curr ent stinting downturn has forced the company to diversify its average portfolio of products, e.g. the launch of VIA Ready Brew and value meals. These product innovations would have a very good push on the sales volumes for sure but how would they impact on the relative profitability of the company isnt known yet.Organizational success is determined by the internal strengths of the organization in which controlling, rationalizing and utilizing the available resources to achieve the maximum productivity and the associated organizational goals through competitive advantage are the predominant activities. Thus Starbucks has the highly gradational capital, trained employees and networks in the form of strategic intelligence about markets, finances, operations, techniques and HR management. Its capacity building and enhancement strategies have known to be sound and its center of attention competencies have been built around this formulaic strength-weakness determination paradigm. Despit e this position of Starbucks as a pioneer of costly-to-copy resource development processes still there is competition coming from rivals who have been able to imitate the same product by reducing its cost and using advanced technology, e.g. online ordering related techniques.While many market analysts have pointed out the existence of a downturn related sales curve at Starbucks in the coming months, Shultz is determined to turn around its growth trajectory to hit some(a) predetermined sales targets (Serwer, & Bonamici, 2004). According to analysts there is a very strong suggestion for product innovation accompanied by cost cutting efforts. The former has been happening thought then latter has yet to happen. Fast food chains have not given up on their own product diversification and innovation strategy. This is cited as one of the major challenges to Starbucks. McDonalds, Burger King and KFC have reinvented their standard formulas. 2.2 MarketingDespite these constraints in its organi zational environment, Starbucks has successfully initiated some far reaching policy related outcomes. For instance Starbucks product and marketing strategy have been oriented towards achieving a series of positive M&A related synergies including growth and competitive capabilities. Starbucks competition strategy is basically related to its product and marketing strategies. Some of the products arent sold on a mass plateful at

Digital Revolution in Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Digital Revolution in Marketing - Essay ExampleDigital merchandising uses applications like e-mail, websites, and social networking media to engage with be and potential customers. In last five years, the emergence of social media marketing as a robust form of digital marketing has fuelled the acceptance of digital marketing among small and large organizations across the globe. This has alike helped organizations to enhance their business reach and acceptance in diversified geographical regions.Carter, et al (2007) stated that the fantasy of digital marketing was first coined in the early 90s that later gained attention and significance in late 2000s. With a number of using digital marketing as a mode of enhancing and strengthening their relationship with customers digital marketing evolved as a communicative tool. Though, digital marketing does not promise achiever and acceptance for all organizations as its utility and benefits are solely dependent on the right use and executio n. A number of small and large organizations fill been using digital marketing for their value-enhancing process. Thus, the major purpose of this raillery is to present a critical analysis and discussion of digital marketing. Along with this, the paper similarly conducts a digital audit on Skyscanner that is a UK based search engine website used for hiring car, booking hotels, and flights. The company has been using the digital marketing and the discussion will deal with its digital marketing practices.Skyscanner is considered as a leading and preferred travel search site offering comparative solutions for booking flights, hotels, and cars. The website also offers services pertaining to the online comparison of hundreds of flights along with offering the best solution in a quick manner. The company has a global office in the UK and has the straw man in many countries. Furthermore, it offers best deals to people of different nationalities.

Business Law Case Analysis Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Business Law Analysis - Case Study ExampleA guard who was on the platform tried pushing the passenger into the train, while another guard, who was in the train, tried grabbing the passenger. The man had a package, which had fireworks, and dropped in the process of boarding the train and exploded. It was however not easy to know the packages content and upon explosion, scales on the other side of the rails platform fell, causing injury to the plaintiff. The plaintiff sued the guards for disregard that the trial court upheld and the appellate court affirmed, forcing the rail company to appeal at the New York Court of Appeal (New York Court of Appeal 1).Doctrines of causation, proximate cause, and forceability restrain to neglect. Despite existence of duty of care, whose breach may amount to harm, these doctrines determines existence of negligent obligation. Negligence is upheld if suffered harm would not have happened, had the defendant not fictitious his or her action, and a str ong connection also ought to exist between a defendants act and the suffered harm (Roger and Miller 305, 306). Under foreseeability doctrine, liability arises if, from an ordinary mans perspective, a risk is likely to occur, and not just a mere possibility of occurrence, and such was a court finality in the case of Fardon v. Harcourt-Rivington. The same decision was held in the case of Bolton v. Stone where even possibility of occurrence, unless occurrence is possible, from a realistic perspective, does not induce negligence liability (Mandaraka-Sheppard 609).Facts of the case undermines causation because the passengers suffered instability could have caused the falling of the package, independently, into the harm that the plaintiff suffered, and this further transcends to undermine proximate cause. The fact that the guards could not identify content of the package, to foresee possible impacts of their actions also undermines negligence on from the guards. Even if the content could be identified, possible

Through the Years - from High School to Adulthood Article

Through the Years - from High School to Adulthood - Article fontDuring those times we had very little worries. Sometimes we thought school work was hard, but we learned in the future that it only gets more challenging during and subsequently the college years. I remember that college was a hot topic of discussion in the last year of high school. We supported each other a flock and the advice of our friends provided great input to help us decide what to study and at which university. Throughout the years our friendship and comradery charter not changed. We still plow a lot some each other. Social friendship sites such as Facebook have helped a lot of us keep in touch. I like going to our high school page on Facebook to see old pictures of when we were back in high school. I phone call a lot of old high school classmates at to the lowest degree once a month. High school helps built lasting relationships. Over the years we have had many mini-reunions and get together. High schoo l reunions help people renew old friendships (Lamb & Reeder). Some of our reunions have been very successful, but in others, attendance has been low. nevertheless those that dont attend always get a taste of what occurred in the event since it is customary for us to send everyone several videos and photos of the events activities. There is a log with the emails of all the members of the 1987 graduation class. All classmates are notified of special events such as reunions. During the last 25 years, the class has held at least one activity every three years. On some years we have had more than one activity. Another medium that was introduced about three years ago was a forum created by one of the classmates who specializes in programming and designing websites. The forum is a great way for us to talk and bring messages for all of us to share. We never forget of any of our friends. Some of the members never attend the activities of the class of 1987 and some are not users of Facebook . We never forget about any of the girls.

Relationship between Job Satisfaction and Nurse's Turnover in Essay

Relationship between Job Satisfaction and Nurses Turnover in Intensive Care Unit - sample ExampleBasically, ICUs have complex clinical areas such as emergency departments and critical deal and the nurses working in these departments often face complex problems link to decision making, working long hours, shift work as well as high patient turnover. Thus, it is vital to retain highly skilled and specialize nurses working in this critical area and this can only be attained by ensuring that the nurses are satisfied with their work (Murrells et al. 2005). During the contemporary period, it can be noted that young adults are now better positioned to find better and lucrative employment opportunities in other fields as a end point of the rapid changes such as technological innovations taking place in the environment in which we live. A concern of morality and ethics is rapidly lessen when people consider their careers and it can be noted that the current generation of young adults ar e less motivated to join the nursing profession. Moreover, research has shown that the dearth of nurses in acute hospitals can be attributed to the element of little job satisfaction because of lack of job fulfilment and heavy workloads (Hayes, Bonner, & Pryor 2010). ... The search of literature in this case is limited to research articles published in English and the search strategy is illustrated in table 1. The keywords used to collect relevant articles include the undermentioned Factors effecting nursing job satisfaction. Job satisfaction among intensive care nurses. Nursing turnover. The articles were included if they met the following inclusion criteria English language articles. Peer reviewed journals. Table 1 Research strategy Hits Nature of research Country Research systemology -factors affecting nursing job satisfaction in ICUs -dissatisfaction -nursing turnover in IC -The research is based on review of published research in ICU and healthcare. No actual research was co nducted. -the composing focuses on Australia, USA and China. -the paper is based on qualitative method where published research in this area is critically analysed. About four articles will be reviewed. Review base of operations The specific theme of this review of research literature is to establish the relationship between nursing job satisfaction and turnover in the intensive care units. Literature review The review of literature in this case is a combination of summary and explanation of the most current studies related to the topic. The qualitative method of analysing published literature which is employed in this paper is significant in that it gives a clear understanding of the subject area as well as insight into areas that may require further research. The understanding of current literature in this subject area reviewed is important because it provides a foundation upon which a research worker can build knowledge. Factors affecting job satisfaction The concept of job sa tisfaction is complex in that there are

Personal narrative theory research, on any personal narrative topic Research Paper

Personal narrative theory , on all personal narrative root word such as prostate cancer - Research Paper Example aft(prenominal) a few weeks, my aunt started noticing something strange Johns movements werent like normal children. For example, he wasnt able to hold up his head properly and even his suckling abilities were hampered and strained. The sidereal day we received the sad news is still vivid in all our memories John had cerebral palsy (CP). Cerebral palsy is an umbrella term for a group of disorders affecting proboscis movement, balance, and posture (Cerebral paralysis e-medicine-health). John basically had brain paralysis and couldnt properly simpleness his motor activities due to abnormalities in parts of his brain that control muscle movements (NINDS Cerebral Palsy). Because of this, John had trouble with moving and turning his head, holding it upright and suckling (Cerebral Palsy KidsHealth.org). My aunt had to mostly feed him milk with a spoon, since he wasnt gett ing sufficient nutrition just by suckling. After a while, when John was about 6 months, we noticed that his body would be very stiff, his legs and arms becoming tense and hard. The doctors further informed us that he had the most common type of CP, known as spastic CP. It is where a muscle involuntarily contracts and the child is unable to relax it (Cerebral Palsy KidsHealth.org). At times like these, with John only a helpless baby, my aunt carried him around trying to relieve the tension in his muscles. She would often cry, not sure of what to do and blaming herself for his condition. We all tried to console her and let her know that it was never her fault. by dint of out the following months we all tried to be as knowledgeable as possible about CP in order to be there for our aunt. thither are many things that we cant control especially during pregnancy. Nothing was ever picked up on the routine ultrasounds and John was not even born(p) prematurely. Abnormal brain development i n the uterus, genetic disorders, blood clots, and a variety of other factors couldve contributed to Johns condition (Alvarez, Norberto). There wasnt any way that my aunt couldve predicted, controlled or thwarted any of these things from happening. Days turned into weeks and weeks into months. We celebrated Johns 1st birthday. It was an occasion marked with both happiness and tears. though John was growing physically in height and his teeth had come in, he still laid there unable to sit up, hold up his cervix or even turn on his own. After a year of stressful doctor visits, my aunt finally decided to see a medical specialist dealing in children with CP. She likewisek John to see a developmental pediatrician in order to determine his progress and growth compared to other kids his age (Cerebral Palsy KidsHealth.org). Following Johns development closely for a few weeks, the specialist started him on physiotherapy exercises in order to keep his muscles loose and prevent his joints fr om stiffening (Cerebral Palsy Treatments and Therapies). Everyday my aunt would dedicate hours of physical exercise for John, such as, stretching and folding his legs, rotating his shoulder joints, flexing his fingers, and helping him to support his head. In the beginning John often cried all through out the exercise routines causing my aunt more pain and anguish. However, day by day he became used to it. I would help sometimes by holding down his body in order to prevent his spine from arching too much. John was a very special child for all of us and we all wanted him and my aunt to be as happy as possible. After a few months of

Will Evolving Forms of Journalism Be an Improvement Essay

Will Evolving Forms of Journalism Be an Improvement - Essay ExampleThe growth of the net profit has had far reaching effects on almost all industries. In journalism, the net has expanded the opportunities for individuals to generate content and disseminate it to potentially millions of users at a low cost. Participatory journalism takes two forms civic journalism and independent journalism. The former is most suited to improve the field of journalism.In civic journalism, media outlets conduce their audience an avenue to comment and report on public matters concerning them. Social media provide a congregation place for a broad range of slew to participate in a discourse on everyday issues. During the Arab Spring, Social media played a large role in informing the public and gathering support for civil disobedience efforts. While traditional media remained gagged by Arab governments, social media sites of both regional and international media were alive with thousands of user-gener ated reports. Even when Arab governments shut down internet access, citizens worked to provide alternative internet access.Alex Jones claims that the collapse or diminishing popularity of traditional news media has the potential to impact negatively on democracy (Alexander and Hanson 169). His argument is legitimate to some extent as the verification of news that traditional media offers ensure that the information provided to the public is free and fair to all parties and devoid of irregularities. However, throwing a concealment condemnation on participatory journalism ignores evidence that do not support Joness argument. Jones mistakenly believes that quality journalism is entirely responsible for democracy. In 19th Century America, while most newspapers openly favored particular parties, voter turnout was considerably higher than modern day America where journalism could be considered to be of a higher quality than in the past.The impact of social media on audience levels are s een in two memory accesses. The first approach is that through

Real Property Market Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Real Property Market - Essay ExampleThe Centerpoint Properties in the Chicago subject field and AIG Global Red Estate Investment in New York was involved in an Atlanta development wherein a century-old steel mill covering more than 130 acres of prime downtown property was converted to mixed- hold consisting of retail, office, and residential development. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has designated the project for its excellence in lead plan since it encourages pedestrian traffic to and from the various uses, and its proximity to mass transit will limit traffic congestion. (Rising, 2001)The third contribution of the real estate manufacture is its promotion of energy conservation. Residential and commercial buildings account for more than one-third of total U.S. energy consumption. Working with the Environmental Protection Agency and the US part of Energy, these leaders developed a program that recognizes commercial buildings which meet strict energy and environme ntal criteria that place them in the top 25% of all equal buildings. The first 100 buildings to earn the Federal governments Energy Star rating were awarded in 2000. The Federal Energy Star Building Label program has been successful. The program served as an incentive for companies to build or renovate as many Energy Star buildings as possible. Arden and Equity Office Properties have in their respective(prenominal) portfolios more than half the buildings that have earned Federal Energy Stars nationwide. By making energy-efficiency investments in their buildings, these and other companies have experienced important energy savings that accrue to their tenants and make the overall buildings more valuable. The environmental advantages of building multi-unit residences lie in the opportunities to sh atomic number 18 spaces and functions. This form of sharing reduces ones footprint because it reduces ones overall consumption. For example, every family motive not have its own exercise an d laundry facilities. (Paehlke, 2004) Another benefit is the social advantages of living in a community with spaces and things in common. Great architectural design which respects that yearning for privacy is also capable of bringing community residents together in shared gardens and playgrounds. (Ratcliffe, 2001) Real estate developers focus on location as it has an impact on price, profit and value. Proximity to employment, schools, shopping and entertainment are important. Hence, the more people that live in proximity to prerequisite services, the more compact and vital the city, and the greater the opportunity for sustainable behaviour such as public transit use. (Ball, et.al., 1998) When proximity is high, more people are can use the transit, walk and cycle. Jeffrey Kenworthy and Peter Newman (1998) showed that there is a direct and consistent correlation between the compactness of cities and the proportion of people deciding to use public transit. The European cities such as Paris, Munich and London which have overall employment and residential densities that are higher than Chicago and New York record paradigm the transit use and half the automobile use. Their studies have shown that when proximity is high, automobile use is low. Compact urban design as in the High commonality areas in Toronto or the West End in Vancouver makes sense, both economically and

Are Democracies Inherently Peaceful Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Are Democracies Inherently Peaceful - Essay ExampleThe main reason people oppose tyranny and military rule is that countries led by such ruling systems be to a greater extent likely to engage in wars and other type of international conflicts as comp bed to democratic system. Citizens of those states cannot obtain a peace-loving living environment and this situation adversely affects their quality of living. As compared to monocracy, oligocracy, or military rule, democracies are inherently peaceful unless they are unjustifiably attacked by external powers. Giving specific focus to the era of World War I & II, this paper will discuss how democracies are inherently peaceful. Democracy and Peace Many authors opine that democracies strive to provide a peaceful living situation to their people and ensure that living standards of citizens are improved continuously. Undoubtedly, a countrys citizens are the primary stakeholders of a war as they actually bear the miseries of engaging in or funding wars. Therefore, common people are less likely to support wars or cross b align intrusions. In a democratic country, people have more say in making decisions, and hence they can successfully veto individuals decision to fight and finance wars. In line, king is the sovereign ruler in monarchies and people have minor participation in decision making. As a result, kings can individually take decisions to start or support wars with little personal risk. In order to improve this worse situation, leaders worldwide are strongly supporting land. In the opinion of Bass, the Clinton faces efforts to manikin a global community of democracies was an attempt to bring peace to the whole world and it was greatly encouraged by many nations. As Bass notes, in their book Electing to fight, political scientists Edward D. Mansfield and Jack Snyder opine that emerging democracies are often unstable and are more likely to fight wars. To justify their cite that new democracies without havin g fully formed domestic institutions are aggressive, the authors cite the examples ranging from Frances attack on Prussia in 1870 and Vladimir Putins ongoing monstrous clampdown in Chechnya. However, sometimes even fully formed democratic countries become warlike because of several reasons. To explain, it is better to consider the 1959 attack on Egypt by Britain, France, and Israel or Bush administrations invasion of Iraq. Those wars were fought because the democratic governments often found it difficult to trust dictators for serious negations. Similarly, the US attack on Afghanistan in 2001 was in response to the 9/11 terror attack by Afghan militants. More clearly, some wars or interventions organized by democratic countries cannot be termed as aggressive or unpeaceful because they are ultimately aimed at the protection of fundamental democratic notions. As Buchanan points out, Elihu Root, Theodore Roosevelts secretary of state stated in 1917 that to be safe, democracy must kill its enemy when it can and where it can (np). The democratic peace theory, often referred to as democratic peace, strongly supports the argument that democracies are inherently peaceful. correspond to Pace, the democratic peace theory states that democracies are not likely to engage in armed conflict with other identified democracies (269). The democratic peace is contrast to the theories describing war engagement and it can be considered as a theory of peace explaining motives that discourage state-sponsored violence. The democratic peace theory is mainly based on the premise that democratic leaders are to bear the responsibility of war losses and they are responsible for answering a voting public. In order to retain their public support, democratic leaders

Hilton Embraces Collaboration with Information Technology Partners Assignment

Hilton Embraces Collaboration with Information Technology Partners - Assignment ExampleIt was also crucial to embrace collaboration with technology leaders because then, it would be possible to focus more on the companys core competencies. It is much easier for them to do so without having to worry about things such as systems implementation, enquiry and development practices, and also technological solutions (Webb 1).One of the major problems associated with collaborating with five IT leaders might be their lack of cooperation. It may be hard trying to exhaust these companies to work together and share ideas, and also work through their interdependence (Webb 3). For example If AT&T and IBM refused to identify each others importance, it would be impossible for them to work together for the greater good of the company. Furthermore, it would be a major problem if the IT companies fail to adhere to the governance process that exists in the company. What this essence is that, if there is a failure to follow the governance procedures that exist prior to the commencing of the contracts, there might be a loss of contract

Singapore Airlines Limited (SIA) Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Singapore Airlines Limited (SIA) - Assignment ExampleIt is conclusive to state that although some companies adopt various leadership styles due to other factors much(prenominal) as incompetence, the main determinant of an organizations leadership is its desired organisational effectiveness. However, it is important to note that leadership is also affected by other factors such as personality, attitude, and beliefs. The core task of leadership in an organization is to establish, develop and sustain an effective organizational culture. Organizational culture refers to the beliefs, feelings, and values of the organizations personnel. Effective leadership should steer an organizational culture, positively promoting team dynamics, motivation and commitment to the organizations operations. Organizational leadership plays a significant piece in enhancing job satisfaction in an organizations workforce. According to Quinn and Rohrbaugh, job satisfaction translates into organizational effect iveness. This is because job satisfaction optimizes the productivity of an organizations workforce. Although there are other parameters that are used to assess organizational performance, the main factor of consideration is productivity. Organizational performance is based on curry goals and objectives which are mainly based on the organizations productivity. Organizational effectiveness is realized through role modeling and strong service organizational leadership.

Movie review paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Movie review paper - Essay ExampleFinch was a lawyer by profession, who accepted the case when asked by the towns judge to represent a negro man, Tom Robinson, going to be charged with rape of a white girl, Mayella Ewell. Finch loses the case and Robinson gets killed by Sheriff Tates legate eon attempting escape. Despite contradictory evidence, the jury comprised of white men found Tom guilty as charged, who was later killed by Sheriffs deputy while attempting escape. Later, Mayellas father, Bob Ewell, attacked Scout and Jem but was killed by Radley. Sheriff persuaded Finch that killing Bob was in childrens defense and reported that Ewell fell on his knife. This essay aims to dismantle and discuss facts of the cases depicted in the film, the significance and relevance of the roles played by prosecution and plaintiff in the courthouse, the entertainment value of the film and how it relates to the real world, the true statement in depiction of the legal system and the effects movie s have on public opinions (To Kill a Mockingbird).The case of State v. Robinson was central to the story of the film. Robinson was accuse of committing evils, i.e. raping and beating Mayella. According to the testimony of Sheriff Tate, Bob Ewell came to his office and reported that her daughter has been raped by a black man in his house. He went to the crime scene and saw that Mayella was severely beaten. She had abrasions on her head and arm, finger marks on her neck and black right eye, which occurred about half an hour before. She impeach Robinson of the crimes and identified him. According to Mayella Ewell, Robinson helped her in chopping up an old chiffarobe for a nickel. She went inside the house to bring the nickel and when turned around, Robinson attacked, raped and repeatedly beat her. She struggled and screamed and so saw her father standing over her asking who did it. According to Bob Ewell, he was coming home from the woods and heard Mayella screaming upon reaching th e

The sun protection behaviors of sports oriented young adults Essay Example for Free

The sunniness egis behaviors of sports oriented young adults EssayLawler et al. (2007) studied the sun protection behaviors of sports oriented young adults in accordance with their sun exposures. This research will be helpful as skin cancer is increasing especially in the Australian region (p. 230). There is an increased possibility of acquiring skin cancer in ones later years if an individual had a frequent sun exposure in his/her young adult age. Being actively engaged in certain sports is a major factor for customary exposure to the sun (p. 230). Higher rates of basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma were observed in the year 2001-2002. In a recent longitudinal study in 1993-1997, young adults were reported to have increased their sun exposure, but not their sun protection. Moreover, use objective measure technique, past researches sight that elite athletes exceeded their sun exposure limits. A recent study also observed that 85% of college athletes do nt wear sunblocks even after a week of doing sports under the sun. Young men and women, 237 in number, aged 18-30 years old were contacted though the online yellow pages by using convenience sampling techniques.They were actively participating in four outdoor sports namely hockey, tennis, soccer, and surf lifesaving. 20 paged, self-administered surveys were completed by the young competitors. The survey was based on previous measures that were published regarding sun protective behaviors and exposures (p. 231). Moreover, with items based on previous studies, the researchers measured the history of sunburn and sun protective measures namely types of clothing worn, hats and shades worn, and application of sunscreen. information were analyzed using SPSS version on 13. 0 for Windows. These revealed basic descriptive analysis on gender, skin type, and skin reactions. The sun protective behaviors were analyzed using chi-square. Results may not be 100% reliable because only participants for the most recent sports competition were included in the study, thither were only four kinds of sports observed, and there were more female participants. The study revealed that almost half of the participants experienced sun burn with the surf sports participants being the most burnt.Hockey participants reported to have the least amount of sun exposure. Surf participants were observed to have the highest rates of sunscreen use and reapplication. As with previous studies, soccer and hockey players revealed that women applied more sunscreen than men but this may not be accurate with other sports (p. 234) Tennis and surf lifesaving participants were reported to have greater tendencies to wear hats. Longer sun exposure and less clothing requirements in sports pose increased risks for skin cancer development.This study helps the cancer association by encouraging health promotions among young, sports oriented persons to decrease their sun exposure while increasing their physical activ ities. This case cries out for the improvement of certain approaches to sun protection in events regarding outdoor sports, especially with participating young adults. This may be done by a number of strategies like arranging game schedules and changing uniform rules. The study poses a significant help with the case of the next generations health and for the betterment of this topics future researches.

A Strategic Analysis of GE Healthcare Essay Example for Free

A Strategic abbreviation of GE health care EssayGE healthcare is a building block of the wider command Electric Company. It has a spherical orientation, employing more than than 46, 000 staff committed to serving health care professionals and patients in over 100 countries. It is headquartered in the United res publica (UK)-the first GE credit line segment outside the United States. It has a turnover of approximately $ 17 billion. The headquarters hosts GE healthcare corporate offices as well as finance, sales, global sourcing departments, X-Ray marketing, manufacturing, design and shipping. The finance and sales departments at the headquarters handle GE Healthcares high take aim decisions, but each modality often has its own similar departments. The global sourcing department handles all purchasing for the firm. GE Healthcare provides a build of products service namely Technologies in medical resourcefulness, diagnostics in medicine, systems for monitoring patients, solutions for improving performance, discovering drugs, and technologies to manufacture biopharmaceuticals.It also provides X-Ray products which include radiography, fluoroscopy, vascular, cardiology, and the Mobile C-Arm machine. At present, GE Healthcare has six major business units Global Diagnostic Imaging Unit with its headquarters in the US, its business includes digital mammography, X-ray services, Magnetic Resonance, Computed Tomography and technologies in Molecular Imaging. Integrated IT Solutions (IITS). Also headquartered in Barrington USA, IITS offers solutions in clinical and monetary information technologies, such as IT Products and service for departments, systems for picture Archiving and Communications, Information System solutions in Radiology and Cardiovascular in addition to practices and systems for managing revenue cycles.Medical Diagnostics Business Unit. This is headquartered in USA and its business includes Researches in Medical Diagnostics, manufacturing a nd marketing imaging agents used in medical s set upning techniques to view human body organs and tissues. Clinical Systems Unit. Also Headquartered in the US, this business offers a variety of healthcare services and technological solutions for medical officers and managers of healthcare systems. These include Ultrasound, technologies for monitoring patients, bone densitometry, incubators, respiratory care and management of anesthesia. GE Healthcare Life Sciences Unit. This is headquartered in Sweden. It produces technologies for discovering drugs, biopharmaceutical manufacturing and cellular technologies.This division also manufactures equipment for the purifying biopharmaceuticals. GE Healthcare Surgery Business Unit. This division offers equipment and technologies for surgical care interventions, cardiac, systems and technologies for diagnostic monitoring, systems and data management technologies, to systems for mobile fluoroscopic imaging, instrumentations on 3D visual systems and navigation. Its headquarters are in Utah, USA, GE Healthcare has offices in different parts of the world. It also has primary regional operation centers in Paris, Japan, and India. (GE Healthcare Website Retrieved December 2010)Business Strategy and Organizational Structure AnalysisThe world business environment is constantly ever-ever-changing, presenting new opportunities and contends. This calls for competitive strategies in lay to remain competitive. This section evaluates the opportunities and challenges presented by GE Healthcare organizational construction. In the Financial Year (FY) ending December 2007, the company recorded revenues of $16, 997 million an ontogeny of 2.7% over 2006. The operating profit was $3,056 million in 2007 drop of 2.7% from 2006. This GE business unit recorded revenues of $16,015 million, during the Financial Year (FY) ended December 2009. This reflected a decrease of 7.9% over FY 2008. The operating profit for the FY ended December 2009 was $2,240 million a decrease of 15.1% over FY 2008. Analysts attribute to both the complex internal and extraneous environments of the company. I evaluate this argument by undertaking a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) analysis of the company and integrating it to the Porters Five Forces Model.Internal AnalysisGE healthcare is one of the trump out firms in shootership development. The firms Human Resources Department is keen in developing a strong workforce that responds to changing global needs. It employs strategically employs and motivates the best qualified talents globally. It invests more than $100 million annually on educational training and staff development. The GE Healthcare base provides advanced training for GEHC employees and customers. It combines Technical training, Applications and Leadership trainings. More than 70 laboratories with the latest equipment provide GE and customers world class instruction in all areas of equipment fear and opera tion. The Training in Partnership curriculum provides a full range of training programs.GE managers are considered one of the firms classifiable competencies and strengths. The challenge is maintaining employee motivation through better remuneration in a time of global economic meltdown and declining profits for the firm. GE Healthcare is capable of changing and constantly re-inventing itself to deal with changing business needs. Setting new standards for management, organizational design, Research and Development has been the pillar of the firm. This is evidenced by the establishment of the six distinctive business units stated above. Exploiting the resources that the firm has, this competency can be meant un-substitutable. The firm is continually innovating to develop solutions to customer changing needs.As Jeffrey Immelt stated, the firms employees have an ability to pop off in the moment. This quality is rare and not easily imitated. This organizational culture ensures that emp loyees continue with innovation and development of new ideas. The firm has a global orientation, with production facilities outside the US and UK, a wider customer base, a superior brand, sales, marketing, IT and Production departments within every modality. This ensures efficiency of service within each business unit.To ensure financial accountability in outsourcing and procurement, decisions regarding this are handled by offices at the headquarters. GE Healthcare operates within the Rubric of the well known and established General Electric this promotes sharing of management knowledge and experiences. General Electric is a well known Brand with a global touch. This strong internal structure has been at the core of the firms success. However Organizations function as systems, they interact and respond to the surrounding environment (Barnard 1938). This calls for an external analysis of this firm.External AnalysisCompetitor AnalysisAnalysts argue that competitors can ensure that sim ilar firms remain productive. Though this can be healthy for consumers, small competitors and substitute product can drive giants out of the market. Siemens AG competes against GE group in communications, power, transportation, medical, and lighting industries. Siemens and HE Healthcare are most competitive in the healthcare industry. Siemens Medical Solutions happens to be largest supplier of healthcare equipment globally.Siemens AG is distinctive in its innovativeness and provision of complete solutions to its customers. Siemens is actually larger, with fuddled to 440,000 employees, 70,000 of which are located in the U.S. Despite the fact that GE Healthcare outdoes Siemens AG in healthcare ($9.4 billion) and energy ($15.3 billion) it is a competitor that cannot be ignored. Both operate at virtually global scale. Other competitors include FUJIFILM Medical Systems USA, Inc. Hitachi Medical Corporation Nihon Kohden Corporation Schiller AG TOSHIBA Medical Systems Corporation Philips Healthcare Philips Respironics, Inc.Industry AnalysisGeneral Electrics firms including the Healthcare unit have been analyzed using porters five forces warning to determine which industry is more attractive. GE Healthcare industry is challenged by competitors and new market entrants. Consumers constantly demand low prices at a high quality leading to intensifier bargaining. Retailers have to bargain with suppliers to fix the prices of their products. The GE retail industry also faces the threat of substitute products. For more on the competency strategy, SWOT analysis an the forces model see Appendix 1 and 2.RecommendationsGE Healthcare already has a global orientation, large customer base. The success of GE Healthcare lies at how best it chooses its business focus. There is need to focus on a specific market niche. Too much diversification and provision of a wide variety of products may be a step forward but it can also become a mechanism for reversal. Much diversification can le ad to lose of business focus. It is evident that new technology and the creation of a global virtual market offer an opportunity for the firm to grow its business.African and some Asian markets are still virgins to the firm. There is need to identify and exploit this business markets. Where favorable, establish production facilities. Advertising and strategic marketing ashes a superior option to strengthen the firms brand identity. With increasing human rights concerns and demands for accountability, there is need for education and corporate social responsibility, as consumers are becoming more sensitive to scientific information. Nevertheless challenges of environmental accountability abound and cannot be ignored.Works CitedBarnard, C.I. The Functions of the Executive, Cambridge, MA Harvard University Press, 1938. Print. Barnard, C.I. Organization and Management Selected Papers, Cambridge, MA Harvard University Press. 1948. Print. Brady, Diane. GE When Execs Outperform the Stock. Business Week 17 Apr. 2006. Goel Sanjay et al .General Electric Strategic Management.

Project on Product Solar Lamp Essay Example for Free

Project on Product solar Lamp EssayAbstract of the ProjectGiven Indias size and the sheer frame of its farflung or remote hamlets, unpolished merchandise is always a challenge. And when the harvest-homeion is relatively new, like solar lighting devices, the challenge gets even bigger. Yet the Jaipur-based edge foodstuffs, or FM, founded by Ms. Ajaita Shah, has taken up the task and despite the odds to reach out to villages in state of Rajasthan, and seems to be succeeding with their strategy of market the new output. * Frontier Market conducted marketing sessions to build demand for harvest-tides in BOP (Base of Pyramids) households. * Frontier Markets developed a peer-to-peer marketing strategy that is a creative, below-the-line marketing technique that are most likely to succeed among peri-urban and rural consumers.* Frontier Markets gauged the potential of the products through market assessments, and feedback to determine whether market entry for the new product like Solar lamps is execut subject to enter in the rural areas. Based on the market survey, FM targeted the mass population of the Base of the Pyramid (BOP) which includes 732 one thousand thousand people living on little than Rs. 150,000/year in villages and urban slums throughout India where majority of the people wear in darkness without having any light in their house. In order to reach out to people with clean energy products , FM introduced the product SOLAR LAMPS with a concept called Spreading well-fixed with a slogan lets light our home this diwali Later on FM came up with a brand name Saral Jeevan where in they source the solar product in bulk from different manufacture and selling in the brand name of Saral Jeevan . FM also used their trump card for selling the product in villages by Village- train community workers. The Company has sold already 700 solar lighting lamps in 350 odd villages in Chomu district in Rajasthan.In the flesh out case study, it would cover how FM selected the product based on the segments in specific to the BOP population (Base of Pyramid) and target market area and acceptance level of the product in the remote villages and the challenges faced with the following tough nuts a) Solar lamp are relatively new and explaining their use to Rural Folks is a challenge b) Village dwellers have fickle cash flows dep oddityent as they are on an agri-based economy c) They are extremely price and value advisedd) They have very low brand affinityIntroduction* Market SurveyThe Base of the Pyramid (BOP) includes 732 million people living on less than Rs.150,000/year in villages and urban slums throughout India. The great majority of men and women work in agriculture, animal husbandry, factories or own rural shops.* * Rural consumers entirety 45% of the countrys total GDP. * Approximately 72% of the total India population live in 600,000 villages and, about 8% of the total population live in 4,738 semi-urban towns* The median age group is is 27.5. * Average household size is 4.8. * An average of 2.72 children are born to every adult woman. * At 61%, the boilers suit literacy level in India is well below Unescos target threshold of 75%. Literacy among women is just over 50%. * There are over 112 beget tongues with more than 10,000 speakers and, 33 languages spoken by one million or more persons. * Indicators of human poverty apprize that 16.8% will not survive historical the age of 40 and, 47% of children between the ages of 0-5 are underweight for their age. * Ernst and Young, The Retailer, October 2009The BOP customer refers to the estimated 4 billion people around the world who are shortsighted by any measure and have limited or no access to essential products and services such as energy, clean water, and communications. Globally, people in this socioeconomic group earn Rs. 50 to Rs.400 in purchasing power parity (PPP) per day. Yet these households often pay higher prices than wealthier consumers do for lower-quality goods and services because of noncompetitive markets. The rural Indian BoP market as households spend less than INR 3,453 Indian rupees on goods and services per month. This definition represents a market of 114 million households, or 76 percent of the rural population. (CDF/IFMR Power to the muckle Study). Marketing* Frontier Markets marketing field staff conduct marketing sessions to build demand for products in BOP households. * Frontier Markets developed a peer-to-peer marketing strategy that is a creative, below-the-line marketing technique that are most likely to succeed among peri-urban and rural consumers.Market Entry and Product Feedback* FM collects data about its consumers to understand their product demands as well as understand which products to introduce into the market. * FM collects consumer data to allow for feedback on products like Solar lamp and its usages. * Frontier Markets also gauge the potential of their products through market assessmen ts, and feedback to determine whether market entry for certain product is viable in urban and rural consumers. Product ConceptFM with their market survey and feedback, came up with selling and distributing the Solar lamps in the segment i.e. BOP (Bottom of the Pyramid) segments where in that location is a need of clean energy in the rural villages. They targeted the base of Pyramid segments which as geographically wise spread in the remote village areas where in that respect is need of the product.Market SegmentFM CEO Ms. Shah, said Reaching out to rural markets requires a bottom-up approach, she says. they had to identify what rural people need, the price points they are comfortable with, demonstrate the use of the product they are selling, and show them why it is relevant to their lives. Having earlier worked with microfinance institutions, Ujjivan Financial Services and SKS Microfinance, Shah reveals her expertise that there are many products for which there is latent demand in rural areas, but they do not sell there simply because of distribution problems. With solar lamps, she saw the opportunity to fill a vital gap. FM sources solar products in bulk from different manufacturers and retails them under the brand name Saral Jeevan. FMs trump card is the profile of its agents, whom it pays a commission.These are village-level community workers, who are already familiar faces in the region, since they also provide some other service. People trust these village representatives as they are known to them, says Shah. In order to create the demand and to reach out to people in villages, FM worked on the people which include krishi mitras (farmers friends) who are employed by the Krishi Vigyan Kendras, an Indian Council of Agricultural Research project, to keep farmers informed about latest agricultural technologies workers in government-run anganwadis (creches) as well as employees of a privately-owned dairy, which sells milk in rural areas. FMs current network is confined to Chomu district of Rajasthan, adjoining Jaipur, but it hopes to detonate much further in the coming years.Bhagwan Sahai Yadav is one such krishi mitra, who also sells Saral Jeevan products. In a testimonial to the product he sells, he bought one himself. I bought a solar lantern from Frontier Markets so that my granddaughter could study in the evening, he says. The company has 30 such agents and has sold 700 solar lighting products in 214 of Chomus 350-odd villages. FM now chasing a target of selling 500 products a month, says Shah. The plan is to reach out to two other districts, Alwar and Bassi, and all of Rajasthan by the end of 2013.They have also tie-ups with companies making clean energy products such as D.light and Duron Energy in Bangalore, Intelizon in Hyderabad and Greenlight Planet in Mumbai. FM CEO Ms Shah wants to replicate the model across three to five other states in the next five years. No clean energy company has yet been able to establish a pan-Ind ia presence. Some have tried to rope in microfinance companies to help with the distribution, but the effort has usually failed. And while distributing through village-level community workers seems a viable method, bottlenecks remain. While FM was busy in developing the concept for selling Solar Lamps, following feedback were also gathered1) does a customer in a far-off village go if the battery of his solar lamp turns out to be faulty or the switch malfunctions ?2) One such is product servicing. Where does a customer in a far-off village go if the battery of his solar lamp turns out to be faulty or the switch malfunctions.3) Community workers do not have the specialised knowledge to repair lamps if they stop working. But at least they can, and do, provide corrective feedback to FM and, through it, to the manufacturers. Duron Energy, for instance, stopped occupation of one of its solar lamps called Duron Pro following reports from FM that its light, though very bright, was too focu sed and did not cover an entire room. In order to mortify the above issues and FM after 6 months of operations in Rajasthan, Frontier Markets, Saral Jeevan exposed up their first retail store as a plowshare of Frontier Markets channel in Chomu Rajasthan.This retail point will be a concept store providing sales and service for local anesthetic consumers in and around the Chomu area. Frontier Markets is an exclusive partner to Saral Jeevan, or Easy Life, an Indian branded retail channel created to better relate to low-income households in rural areas near Chomu. After months of understanding villages, and areas, Frontier Markets helped Saral Jeevan build market presence and chose Chomu as a central location for a retail point to crack accessibility and accountability in service for households. Though the model is very scalable, given the huge market at the bottom of the pyramid, execution remains a major challenge,Case Study1) FM came up with selling of Solar Lamp targeting the hu ge market at the bottom of the pyramid.2) Product selection / Concept Solar Lamp need of the people in the remote villages as A clean energy.3) Market Segment Rural areas / Villages4) Strategy and Market Concept FM launched the product with a different brand name Saral Jeevan or Easy Life as the people in Rural Areas look for local brand as they are not so Brand Consensus.5) FM also used the local channels such as krishi mitras (farmers friends), Angan-wadis for distribution of their product.6) FM also opened up Branch office concept store providing sales and service for local consumersPrepared byJ.K.NandaYogi BallaniSuraj GaikwadExhibit IStudy on Indian Energy MarketIndias growth story is astounding, and has spread into the interior at a rapid pace. Current estimates put the rural market conjointly at $425B USD in 2010-2011 (CII-Technopak, November 2009). This estimate doubles the 2004-05 market size of $220 USD. These are collective figures. % Growth in 2006 over 5 years Nati onal Readership Studies Council (NRS) disguise TV rural = 235%, semi urban = 91%Motorcycle rural = 113%, semi urban = 90%Refrigerator rural = 52%, semi urban= 20%Air cooler rural = 86%, semi urban =29%The energy market is additionally astoundingUS $75 on goods and services per month (known as Base of the Pyramid.) About 40 percent of Indias rural households do not have access to electricity, and more than 85 percent must depend on dirty kerosene for lighting and firewood for cooking. * Estimates vary, but about 500m poor entrepreneurs need access to finance while hardly just over 150m have access (Source State of the Microcredit Summit Campaign Report 2009) * Less than 500k clients of MFIs have access to energy loans (Source Using Microfinance to Expand devil to Energy Services, 2007) * 1.7 billion people globally have no access to electricity and 2.4 billion people rely on traditional biomass for cooking and heating, producing millions of wads of CO2 (Source The Next 4 Billion, 2008)A recent study conducted by the Center for Development Finance (CDF) at the Institute for Microfinance Research (IFMR) examined the market size of the social durable market for solar lights and fuel-efficient stoves. The purpose of the study was to develop a more comprehensive understanding of the market. CDFs initial finding suggest a more conservative estimation for the solar light and fuel-efficient stove market than other previous studies. * The present solar lantern market is estimated to be around $18.5Milion USD (annually, nationally). * The fuel-efficient stove market, $24Million USD (annually, nationally). These numbers were based on the following equation(Price of least expensive product available in the market) (Number of Households) (Adoption rate) / (Average product lifespan) Previous market coat estimates may be larger due to errors / differences in calculating and methodology such as ignoring the sufferance rate and product longevity variables. Additionally, a s adoption rates increase due to lower product cost, customer education, and consumer financing options, the market will naturally become more mature.

Design Concepts in Architecture

anatomy Concepts in Architecture origination is the close to basic human fishing gearnal activity. One could argue that Palaeolithic cave conscriptions were base on this fundamental human creative need. The word design derives from the Italian word disegno, meaning drawing of a work. Many confuse the nonion of normal to finesse. Design can well be seen in finesse, but as an inde savedent subject it must(prenominal) be considered as entirely different. One of the outset to distinguish this difference, were some(prenominal) British design historians, dating from 1977.Design can be seen and experienced e in truthwhere. Design can be a development progress or an object. Definition for the word design given by designer Richard Seymour is making things better for people. Design expands so vastly, It can be seen in furniture, liftising, machinery, books, media, fashion, computers, food and in many other fields.Design flatadays is a subject of university study, much(prenomi nal) as vivid design and industrial design etc. It has always been accepted that any integrity who scored something, or do something look good, aesthetic or beautiful could be considered a designer. pull down though most(prenominal) people believe that a good design is one that looks beautiful, this is non always the case. A good design is one which focuses in the main upon its intended function. A successful design is one that completely fulfils the needs of its intended purpose, Form Follows Function. A designer must be able to adjoin some(prenominal) points aesthetical, operativeic, theoretical, mechanical, organizational and functional.The word design holds much meaning and design paradoxes argon endless, it would therefore be impossible to analyse them all. The focus of this review analyze is the architectural argona of design.In early 1937, Czech philosopher, Jan Mukarovsky developed a model of five functions for architecture the immediate, the historical, the pers onal, the social and the aesthetic.In the bena of Art and Architecture, Design is a basic principle that must be carried egress through every piece of work. In this respect, design is an idea, a concept, which is transferred from the individuals mind on to canvas, make-up, colored score etc.In England (16th century) the term design was utilise under the sense of plan from which something is to be madea drawn sketch for an artwork, but excessively s Bernhard Burdek said an object of applied artsDesign can be anything that stings ones imagination. Italian designer Giorgio Giugiano says there is nonhing without design.As the 20th century approached innovative attitudes in Art made their appearance. New styles were discovered by different artistic experiments such(prenominal) as Art Nouveau, Arts and Crafts Art Deco. These artistic trends and movements would include the styles referred to as the isms of the period, for example Expressionism, Cubism, Surrealism and others. Some of these aforementioned aras had an impact in Architecture, but it must be noted that the Architectural field consisted of its own movements which rose inside these decades.Egyptian, Greek, Roman and Renaissance architects and artists would combine their knowledge in guild to produce a make design which combined and encompassed both the beauty of Art, but also the power and discipline of Architecture.The roots of advanced Art dates hold up to the 19th century. Artists were experimenting with their paintings and sculptures in order to queue something different, something that could express better what the painter, sculptor saw or felt, but at the same time enabling the observer to experience the artwork himself through his personal emotions. Areas of the Modern Art movement will be further analysed in the forthcoming paragraphs and their connection with the architectural styles which were popular at that time. Even though the modern era in architecture consists of several othe r movements (Usonianism, Constructivism, Purism etc), the purpose of this review is to analyze the influences that Art had on Architecture during the 20th century.Within the jump decade of the 20th century, the scratch movement in Modern Art, to make its appearance was Expressionism. Painters such as Vincent van Gogh would flatten their paintings using lines, exaggerating certain fragments of the painting, either by using bright colours or by just the sincere and minimal black and white. This simplified way of painting would usually portray sceneries focusing not on the beauty as the public was use to, but the suffering, poverty and violence were the notions nonplused.Parallel to Expressionism in Art, Expressionist Architecture started to develop. Most examples Can be found in Germany and a few other European countries. Similarly to artists arduous to conceive of the cold truth of a humans life without any essence of beauty, leading architects such as Mies van der Rohe, Walter Gropins and Hans Poelzig developed poetical and dramatic designs influenced by natural miscellanys which consisted of unusual shapes and potfuling. Manmade materials, such as, brick, steel, concrete and most importantly glass were key characteristics to this architectural style.In the lithograph on the leftover, Scream, also known as Shouting, the notion of sadness , fear or even death have been range of a functiond the print consists only of lines, which all lead to the burden of the picture, to the most important part, the screaming figure. The facial characteristics of the human question atomic number 18 very minimal, and may remind one of a caricature or a cartoon even though the face is some what destroyed the person shouting, holding his head, with wide o publish look and mouth, gives one the impression of fear as if he was facing something that s condole withd him. The figure itself is very thin , the minimal appearance of clothing and the skinny face, may be though t to be either an old woman or man, facing the time of death.One of the buildings which has been placed under the title of Expressionist Architecture, is Hans Poelzigs sight space and water tower building. This extraordinary design of its time, is located in the city of Poznan, in Poland and was completed in 1991. Throughout the building it is punishing to find any straight lines curves and flowing shapes are what make up the Einstein Tower. It looks more like a poetic and romantic sculpture than a building for such a specific use. The steps leading up to the entrance, through the body of the building with its dome like roof, reminds one of a naturally occurring beingness such as a plant or an underocean creature.In France, during the period 1907 to 1914, the leaders Picasso and Braque developed the movement of Cubism, which largely differs from Expressionism. Analytical Cubism, foc apply on two-dimensional, flat paintings which would picture an object by breaking it down into sh apes. Lines, geometric forms and bright colours were a necessary characteristic. Synthetic Cubism derived from the method of Collage, synthesising, combining painting, incorporating pictures from snip publicizings, cuttings and clippings of different materials to generate a complete piece of artwork.As previously mentioned, Cubism was potently associated with two-dimensional picture. This motive in art also had an influence on architecture. Well analysed and synthesized architectural spaces, would remain in the usual two dimensions architectural representations were based on the artistic era of the time. Closely related to Cubism is Abstract Art. artistry now is not a matter of copying what appeared in front of ones eyes, but something that one may call a piece of decoration. What the artist feels becomes art. During the offshoot World War, a group of young artists, named Dada, made their presence. They found a way to express their protest to the war, through their abstract p ainting.Picassos Violin, appears to be very confusing. By its title, one becomes familiar with what is portrayed. The painting illustrates a destroyed musical instrument, broken/cut into pieces. With its curved shapes and brown colours it is easily understood. But what is fascinating closely this piece of artwork is the way the artist has shaded each part of the violin, giving it a special significance. Even though the painting is portrayed on a canvas (two dimensional), the hole picture seems to escape those boundaries, each part appears to stand out from the canvas.Dada for me was a unexampled beginning and a closure. In supernumerary Zurich where the newspapers can say what they want, where magazines were founded and poems against the war read out, here where there were no ration-cards and no ersatz, here we had the possibility of shouting out everything that was filling us pair to burst. Richard Huelsenbeck.During 1922 to 1924, when Dada began to lose their influence, Surre alism was introduced. Painters were creating dream like pictures. Within these paintings one fragment would blend and merge into another and depending on the angle in which one viewed the drawing, the picture on the canvas would change. The same object could have two or more uses within the painting.Architecture has embraced most art movements and Surrealism was not be left out. As was analyzed in the previous paragraph, painting fragments, which had three-fold uses, were one of the principles undertaken in this art style. Architects were incorporating two or more in some cases uses to a building, multiple approaches and embeddings.Within this surrealist painting of Dali, different elements accommodated a different story and in some cases may have more than one role. In the centre of the painting , a female face appears, her eyes are also seashells on the beach, her forehead and nose form a fruit bowl panoptic of pears on her left hand side there is a dark tunnel with a river, whe reas on the left side of the painting, there is mountain with sea waves running down towards the females face. The mountain to the right acts as a dogs head and what seems to be its collar is a bridge many other such elements are hidden within this painting.These two multi-storey buildings, appear to be dancing. The male (cylindrically shaped building on the right), Fred, is standing near to Ginger (female). Fred seems to be reaching out his right arm to his dancing partner. This concrete structure, relates to the strong nature of a male. On the other hand, Ginger, as a woman, constructed from glass, appears more fragile, just as a woman can be elegant and delicate.Advertisements, comic books, magazines, posters, movies and everything else which portrayed some sort of a commercial image came in fashion art was now called polish Art. Although many believe that Pop Art was discovered in America, continuing from the movement of Abstract Expressionism in the 1930s, Pop Art was actuall y first seen in London. Leader and inventor of this movement was English painter and Collage artist Richard Hamilton. Often called the intellectual father of Pop Art.The Abstract era continues to evolve in the United States and in Europe. Op Art, also known as Optical Art is appearing. In the period of the 60s and the 70s, vibration and optical illusions created either by monochrome, images or outstandingly bright coloured pictures consisting of basic geometric shapes were this movements principles.Similarly to optical illusions in Op Art, illusions of such type can be found within the humans of architecture maybe this is not an era called Op Architecture but defiantly architects have been inspired from this particular artistic styleSoon after came minimalism, with Kenneth Noland, Larry Poons and others. minimal art consisted of simple colours and solid shapes based on geometric forms. Artists would reduce as much of the elements as possible within their work in order for it to a ppear simple but yet again well worked. Such fragments would be colours, textures and volumes.Architect Mies van der Rohe, adopted the so well know parlance les is more, by developing building designs which consisted of open plan layouts, minimal exteriors etc. Minimalism and Architecture is still a movement that continues to grow. Minimalist architecture comprising of simple volumes and clear lines, which sometimes look very similar to solid geometric shapes, is a style of architecture found all around us.Oil, water colour, charcoal, pen and ink, sculptures and photography are some of the art forms that can be found within the Fine Art department. There are different techniques in which an artist can experiment and develop in order to produce what might be a masterpiece. The French word coller meaning glue is the term use do describes one of those methods. The assembly of different materials, which create a new image, is else known as Collage. One of the first examples that can be related to this motif was found in China and dates from 200 BC, during the invention of paper. It was not until many decades later, in the era of Modern Art and during the Analytical Cubism phase, when Collage was formally introduced. Pablo Picasso and George Braque were the first to bring out the glamour of this technique in the year 1906-07. George Braque was the inventor of montage in Modern Art. He mostly applied this technique on his charcoal drawings. One of the earliest most famous collages was Picassos Guitar, airplane medicinal drug and Glass. By autumn 1912 it was apparent that Picasso was very interested in the three-dimensional building of a collage.As in Picassos Violin (pg.4) for one to understand what is portrayed, one should be familiar with the object in question in this case Guitar, Music sheet and Glass constructed in September 1912, follows the same principle. The reboot surface of the collage appears to be a section of flowery wall paper the shapes in whic h the other fragments of the collage are cut are very simple and one could say effortless but the way in which they are consistent together gives the observer a clear impression of the subject. On the left hand side of the collage the body of the guitar is formed from a wood-like cut-out. The blue rectangle next to it reminds us or the neck of the guitar, and below this the white circle resembles the sound hole. A black cut out of a semicircle forms the base. To the right are strips of sheet music and below a newspaper cutting and one of Picassos sketches picturing an abstract view of a wine glass, are the fragments which are used in order to compete the Guitar, Music sheet and Glass collage.Tatlins assembly on the left is a three-dimensional abstract construction. This creates the feeling of anger or fear and is due largely to the materials chosen. Canvas or board paper are replaced by an old wooden board. Industrial materials replace paper cut-outs which are secured by screws ins tead of glue. The artist, in this case, is not interested in a clean finish, but creating a rougher and more textured result which all score to its beauty.The discovery that the very distinction between flat and volumetric was no longer absolute, that through a process of unprecedented spatial semantic complexity, something deeply unsettling was happening to art.?Picasso started to experiment with his papier collers adding other materials which had a special significance. Cardboard, wood, metal and other textiles were incorporated within his Cubist artworks which were soon characterized as surrealist In the years to come, several more artists, such as, Vladimir Tatlin, Varvara Stepanova and Alexandr Rodchenko, were producing collages. Newspapers, advertisement strips, magazine parts, photographs were some of the materials used.During the First World War, a young group of artists known as Dada were introduced, and soon became very popular. Dada attempted, in their own artistic way, to protest against what was happening to the world around them. The Dada movement was controversial at the time. They introduced a new art form, the art of expressing, in a more literal way, their thoughts about the disaster of the Great War. Dada meaning Hobby Horse in French, consisted of six members. Hugo Ball, his fan Emmy Hennings, Tristan Tzara, Hans Richter, Marcel Janco and Hans Arp. The group were based in Switzerland and the Dada era was born in 1916 in the city of Zurich.Dadaism did not only produce drawings or paintings it was an era where all visual and intellectual arts were combined together. They used drawings, paintings, sculptures and poetry. It combined artistic, philosophical, music and political aspects. Hugo Ball would take poems apart and place the actors line in a random sequence. This recycling words technique and later on the photomontages and collages produced by the Dada group, would make one think that they were not so much inventors but recyclersOn t he other hand another member of the group, Hans Arp was concentrating on the visual representation of their protest. Through collages and reliefs he was expressing the need of change. Within those collages, elements of wood, screws and paper can be found. The construction of those art works, were based on the law of change as Arp would say. Coming back to the motif of three-dimensional collages reliefs (page 8, Picasso), the Dada reliefs made this motif obvious. The shape in which the elements of the reliefs were cut was well thought, planned and processed. Sketched beforehand and placed exactly in order to complete the artwork. Usually curved and oriented in a natural like way would be remeniscent of organic cultures and the era of Impressionism.We do not wish to imitate nature we do not wish t reproduce. We want to produce. We want to produce the way a plant produces its fruit, not depict. We want to produce directly, not indirectly. Since there is not a trace of abstraction in t his art we call it concrete art.First collages created by Hans Arp were very minimal and simple. One could say that little effort had gone(p) into creating them.Dadas reliefs are some what different to what one has seen through the history of collage. Shapes cut out from wood in natural forms are stuck one on realize of the other. This technique could remind one of the three-dimensional construction of collages during the period of 1912-14 (pg.8). But in the reliefs on the left, an abstract assembly consisting of organic shaped, wooden fragments , painted in pastel colours, give the impression of a playful scene. Maybe one from the deep oceans or a field covered with flowersMoving away form the notion of three-dimensional construction, Dadas work also consists of papier colles Rectangles arranged according to the Laws of Change, is one of dadas paper collages squares and rectangles in two shades of blue are cut and randomly placed on the hoist (blue) surface of the collage. No r ight angles appear anywhere in this piece of artwork, nor in the position in which the paper fragments are placed on the board, nor in the way the elements are cut.Arp was always pleased to work and create art with other artists. In 1916 Arp invented the Fatagaga pictures. Fatagaga was a word which derived from the first syllables of the sentence Fabrication de Tableaux garantis gazometriques, meaning production of guaranteed gasometric pictures. Based on this new term, Arp and other artists created the i-drawings. The group continued to express their compassion to the sufferings of the public, but this time their collages, or as they called them, photomontages, were not so simple looking. Dada brought photographs in the papier colles, which pictured human bodies with different heads or objects placed on their forehead in cabal with written illustrations, suggesting in their way the political and social exasperation towards the world.With Analytical Cubism, art opened its doors to papier colle, the construction and design of collages. Dada introduced that a collage did not only have to consist of paper and glue, but it could incorporate other materials as well, (wood, photographs, paint etc).Max Ernst said I had to admit that in most of my collages there was no use for glue that I am not responsible for the term collageAs the 1920s entered Dada collages formed a big change collages where now consisting if geometric shapes, well processed and cut. The i-picture on the left, is one of Arps i-drawings. Rectangles and squares with sharp lines and right angles are places adjacent one to the other in contrary to the Rectangles arranged according to the Laws of Change (pg.11), this collage looks more like a collage an architect would create well planned and placed fragments in basic colours. Its one of the first times where one sees the illustrations of text within Dada pa co. The letter i is placed in the centre of the collage catching ones attention, from the firs t glance.The Art Critic (image on the left), moves away from the graphic collages that Dada were concentrating on until the 1920s. The illustrated bright orange rear surface of the collage, gives a new feeling to the whole picture human forms are introduced with satiric elements. The man body is a different collage fragment to the out of scale head facial characteristics are exaggerated by the added sketches/doodles representing eyes, lips teeth etc. Part of a shoe on the forehead of the Frankensteins man and a large pen in his right hand, weapon like, add to the style of the collage. On the right a male figure appears through the newspaper cutting on a black and white photograph. A woman looks stunned by the large figure in the centre of the collage. Additional fragments taken from magazines are added to the whole creating a troublesome image.Even though collages and photomontages started to disappear during the surrealist era in Art, there are a few examples for such stylistic pap ier colles. Max Ernst was one of the most popular surrealist painters in the 1920s. Within his works, numerous collages can be found. By cutting and reorganising sentimental illustrations, surreal collages would make their appearance. Other artists, such as Dali were strongly connected with surrealist collages Dali would play with the observer. He did this in the way in which the fragment of his collages where placed together, he would confuse the observer about what was being viewed, where as what was actually being portrayed was different to what the eye would see.Dalis playful scene of brightly coloured elements consists of both painting and collage this technique has been seen before with Picassos Guitar, Music Sheet and Glass collage (pg. ). The rear surface of the Accommodations of Desire collage, is painted this would be separate to the lion heads which are glued on. The collage consists of nine incomplete lions heads and is tough in its suggestions. In the top centre of the collage a sexual scene is suggested, with a naked women and a man standing close to her.Photomontage did not make its official appearance till the First World War and the Dada movement, but there are many examples in the past, dating back as far as the Victorian era to prove that this technique was seen before. German word Montage means fitting, and explains exactly what a photomontage is, the fitting of multiple pictures/photographs together and creating a new image. Million Fox Talbot was one of the people associated with the invention of photography. He would experimented with his photographs, as any individual would when trying to invite something now, such as photography by placing tree leafs of the photographic plates, it would remind of some sort of photomontage In those days, without the invention of photographic paper, the photographic plates were reused and must have be well cleaned in order for the next photograph to be taken. By not cleaning the plates whilst taking a n ew photo, the result would look as if one image had been placed on the other. In this way, photomontage was beginning to appear. In this way they would experiment with multiple plates and effects. During the Victorian period, several examples of such experiments can be found. One of the most striking of its time, were the postcards portraying a human body with a different head.With the revival of Pop Art collages and photomontages were brought back to file. Pop Art Daddy, Richard Hamilton was strongly associated with those art motifs. A collage made from photographs or photograph parts is called a photomontage. At the time, for many people Pop Art was difficult era to be understood. The images portrayed in the Pop Art movement were generally seen in other context and individuals had problems embracing the new art form.In 1957 Hamilton defined Pop art as Popular (designed for a mass audience), Transient (short-term solution), Expendable (easily forgotten), Low cost, Mass production, Young (aimed at youth), Witty, Sexy, Gimmicky, Glamorous and self-aggrandising business.But Richard Hamilton found different ways in which he engaged the public with his art. His influence of Abstract Art was obvious in his works, which mostly consisted of collages and photomontages. The images used in order for him to produce a collage would have often been seen in other artistic works in the past but Hamilton would fake them and make look unique. One of the first examples in Pop Art and Hamiltons most famous collage / photomontage is Just what makes Todays Homes so Different, so Appealing.In howling(a) 1956, an art exhibition opened its doors to the public. The exhibition hearing after the name This is tomorrow, took place in the Whitechapel Art Gallery, in London. The aim of this exhibit was o present new ideas to the public rather to a certain group of people. These new ideas exhibited would accommodate new, exiting and futuristic aspects which were introduced in the everyday life of an individual. For example aspects of Cinema, Comic books, Pop music, Science fiction and even the unforgettable, sexy Merlin Monroe were present The exhibition was a space surrounded with playful resourcefulness, music and even some ignominious aspects which would make the public wonder about what Tomorrow would bring to their lifesRichard Hamiltons collage Just what makes Todays Homes so Different, so Appealing, was created for the purposes of advertising posters and catalogue for the exhibition. Even though the artwork, consisting if collage and photomontage was only creating for commercial use, it was one of which made the British Artist famousAs mentioned in the side text, Richard Hamilton would recycle work of others, or imagery seen elsewhere this is quite predictable, as collage can be alternatively described as a way of recycling imagery, text and photographs from other sources but in this particular example of the collage pictured above Just what makes Todays Ho mes so Different, so Appealing , the title itself is reused the original quat derives from an advert starting just what is it that makes todays homes so different, so appealing? Open planning of course and a bold use of colour. all components of the collage are taken from popular 1960s advertsThe rear surface of the collage had been originally seen in the advert for Armstrong floors company floor surface types the particular image was found in the Ladies Home Journal. Secondly, the young semi naked male, pictured holding a tennis racket, is the famous Irwin Zabo Koszewski, body builder. photograph taken from Tomorrows Man magazine. The woman sitting on the sofa at the rear right side of the artwork is believed to be artist Jo Bear. Opposite, on the left side, the element of the staircase accommodating a young female cleaner, was taken from the advertisement of the new, at the time, Constellation model of a hover. The painting / picture, which is hanging on the rear wall if the int erior pictured in the collage, Young Romance, is part of an advert in Young Love. Below there is a television produced be the Stromberg Carson company (1955). But not all the element accommodated within this collage are exactly cut and pasted in order to create this Pop image Richard Hamilton has modified certain parts, which without any hesitation contain a unloose meaning within them in order to make this more clear, the rug, behind the young bodybuilder is actually a blown up image of the Whitley speak Beach crowed lastly on the ceiling of the interior, the image of the solid ground emerges most probably this photograph is taken from the Life Magazine September 1955 edition.There may be different meanings hiding in this collage. But my personal view ion this artwork, is based on the promotion of the perfect home and family. During the period of the 1960s all was based on the visual aspects of life, new elements in the entertainment field of the public culture were been modifi ed and everything was surrounding the new popular and exiting cinema, magazines with shocking playful and many-sided imagery were incorporated in peoples daily routinesBased on the collage Just what makes Todays Homes so Different, so Appealing , I believe that the artist is trying to portray the Perfect couple. A young , hansom, muscular male, with a sexy, beautiful woman by his side elements of taking care if the physical body take of both parties are suggested through the element of the tennis racketNow there is the opportunity for the female to be the lady of the tin economical changes are suggested now cleaners can be hired to keep the house in its perfect / clean condition and women can start taking care of themselves.Photographs were a major inspiration for Hamilton works elements of advertising, film, photography, fashion, music, style, mass media, TV etc were always precent in his work. During the 60s R.Hamiltons works took on a more domestic feel. He was portraying int erior spaces which were very similar to the scene of a film set. Some would characterise his work ironic, but for Hamilton that was not the case. By applying in his work imagery seen in the wider public and mass media environment, he addressed a problem which the outside world was facing and at the same time he would picture its possible solution.Hamilton explained in 1968 One wasnt just concerned with a car and the idea of speed but with the way it was presented o us in the mass media presenting a glamorous object by all the devices that glamorous advertising can add. The Pop paintings are anthologies of the mechanics of visualisation.Maybe it is not only about the entrainment and the economical but also about the political changes taking place at the time women are becoming more important and have a say in different important matters every home should accommodate the newest designs of furniture and electrical facilities (TV, Hoover, Tape recorder)The perfect home sheltering the pe rfect couple The images of the earth on the ceiling of the interior may suggest that even in such a house, with all its fashionable and great conditions, it is actually what everyone feels within it our house is our worldAmerican, visual artist, Christian Marclay, concentrates on exploring the connections that may exist between music, sound and photography. He transforms sound into visual and physical form this is represented by video, photography, sculpture etc.One of Christian Marclays projects was the Body Mix Series (1991). The project consisted of several album covers, which were collaged in such a way, in which a whole new image immerged through the stitched together pictures. One of those Frankenstein images, named Doorsiana, consisted of six different covers, one of which was the face of Jim Morrison and Diana Rosss left arm, in connection with several other albums.Seliger It seems that from the start your work has always had a lot to do with collage, both in performance and with the objects.Marclay Yes. Ive always used found objects, images and sounds, and collaged them together, and tried to create something new and different with what was available. To be